Community-based integrated care for patients with diabetes and depression (CIC-PDD): study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

Background Managing the multimorbidity of diabetes and depression remains a clinical challenge for patients and healthcare professionals due to the fragmented healthcare delivery system. To effectively cope with multimorbidity, there is an urgent need for the health system to transform into people- centered integrated care (PCIC) system globally. Therefore, this paper describes the protocol of community-based integrated care for patients with diabetes and depression (CIC-PDD) project, an integrated and shared-care intervention project. Methods/design CIC-PDD project is conducted in two phases, namely "care model development" and "implementation and evaluation." In the first phase, CIC-PDD model was designed and developed based on the four criteria of collaborative care model (CCM) and was subsequently adjusted to align with the context of China. The second phase entails a pragmatic, two-arm, cluster randomized controlled implementation trial, accompanied by parallel mixedmethods process evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis. Discussion We anticipate CIC-PDD project will facilitate the development and innovation of PCIC model and related theories worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In addition, CIC-PDD project will contribute to the exploration of primary health care (PHC) in addressing the multimorbidity of physical and mental health issues.