CO2 system integrated with ejector and mechanical subcooling: A comprehensive assessment

To achieve the goal of clean annual space heating and cooling for residential buildings, the concept of annual space heating and cooling transcritical CO2 system combined with ejector and mechanical subcooling is proposed. The problem of large throttling loss and performance degradation when CO2 system is applied for residential space heating and cooling can be solved. A theoretical model of the new proposed system is developed, and then optimized by the method of genetic algorithm. Moreover, taking an ordinary residential building located in 70 cities belonging to different climate zones as the application scenario, the seasonal, annual, environmental, and economic performance of eight heating and cooling solutions are compared and discussed. The results indicate that the COP and exergy efficiency of the new proposed system is significantly improved in contrast to conventional mechanical subcooling system, which increases by 11.48% and 21.64% in heating mode, and 8.99% and 8.69% in cooling mode, respectively. The annual performance coefficient of the new proposed system is 7.21%similar to 8.21% higher than conventional mechanical subcooling system. Additionally, the life cycle carbon emissions of the new proposed system can be significantly reduced by 12.23%similar to 89.58% compared with the combined solution of coal-fired boiler and R32. With the advancement of CO2 technology, it is possible to improve the economic performance of CO2 systems and the price of the new proposed system is lower than all solutions when the price of compressor is reduced by 60%. This study can provide a theoretical reference for the development and optimization of CO2 combined heating and cooling system, and provide a feasible solution for residential annual space heating and cooling.