Temperature evolution and activation energy sensitivity analysis for early-age concrete elements using a 3-D finite difference model

Concrete structures are prone to cracking due to non-uniform temperature distribution caused by the heat released during cement hydration. Accurate prediction of temperature evolution is crucial for the design and control of concrete temperature in construction. This paper presents the development of a 3-dimensional (3-D) finite difference (FD) model for predicting the thermal behavior of early-age concrete structures during the hardening stage. The proposed model was verified against temperature measurements from two concrete elements, showing good accuracy in predicting temperature evolution. The sensitivity analysis on activation energy revealed its significant influence on the peak temperature in the concrete core and the temperature difference between the center and surface. The proposed model can assist in control of concrete temperature thus preventing early-age thermal issues, ensuring the expected life span and durability of concrete structures.