Exploring the Association between Low-dose Aspirin Intake and Hyperuricemia in Individuals over 40: A Cross-Sectional Study using NHANES Data (2011-2018)

Background: Long-term aspirin treatment was recommended for secondary prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. However, some studies reveal low-dose aspirin (LDA) can raise serum uric acid (SUA) levels. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze whether LDA intake is associated with hyperuricemia. Material/Methods: Data was collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2018. All participants over 40 years old and who selected "preventive aspirin use" were included in the study. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between LDA intake and hyperuricemia. The stratified analysis was based on race and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Results: A total of 3540 participants were included in the study. Of them, 805 (22.7%) took LDA, and 190 (31.6%) had hyperuricemia. There was no significant association between hyperuricemia and LDA intake (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 0.97-1.54) after adjusting for confounding factors. However, further subgroup analysis by age showed a significant association between LDA intake and hyperuricemia (OR=3.44, 95% CI: 1.88-6.27) among those 40 to 50 years of age. After adjusting for confounding factors, the relationship was still significant (OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.10-4.73); we also found that race (Hispanic American, OR=1.84, 95% CI: 1.11-3.06) and eGFR under 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.04-3.62) may play important roles in the development of hyperuricemia.Conclusions: LDA does not increase the hyperuricemia risk in people over 40 years. However, those aged between 40 and 50 years, Hispanic American, and with impaired renal function should have careful evaluation during LDA treatment.