THE EMBROIDERERS OF THE ROYAL HOUSE DURING THE REIGN OF CARLOS IV AND MARIA LUISA DE PARMA: NEW CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE TRAJECTORIES OF JUAN LOPEZ DE ROBREDO AND BERNARDINO PANDEAVENAS

The objective of this article is to know the artistic trajectory of the main embroiderers during the reign of Carlos IV and Maria Luisa de Parma. Departing from previous studies initiated by Maria Luisa Barreno and Pilar Benito, we will make a brief review about the organization of the garment makers, it differed from those who worked for the house and camera, since they differ in occupation, salary and position within the palatine hierarchy. We will analyze the dress embroideries designed for the queen, as well as one of most transcendental works, the album of designs made between 1800 and 1808 and attributed to Robredo. Finally, we will present their background. Both embroiderers had learned their trade through their respective families. The Robredo and Pandeavenas clans knew each other very well, since the heads of the families had worked for Carlos III. The primary sources consulted reveal unpublished data up to now, that allow us to study the artisan families and their production of textile works for the monarchy.