Hypo-fractionated Radiotherapy (HF-RT) Versus Conventionally Fractionated Radiotherapy (CF-RT) for Glioblastoma

Background/Aim: Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (HF-RT) is increasingly used for elderly and frail glioblastoma patients. In countries with limited radiotherapy capacities, HF-RT is more widely applied. This allowed us to compare conventional fractionation (CF-RT) vs. HF-RT in patients of any age and performance status. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analysed 277 patients [110 HF-RT (52.5 Gy in 15 fractions) vs. 167 CF-RT (54.0-60.0 Gy in 27-33 fractions)] for local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) including subgroups considering specific patient characteristics. Results: On univariable comparisons, CF-RT was associated with significantly better LC and OS in patients with KPS <= 70 and unifocal glioblastoma, and with OS in the entire cohort. Trends were found for LC and OS in patients aged <60 years, and for OS in additional four subgroups. On multivariable analyses, improved LC and OS were significantly associated with CF- RT, KPS 80-100, unifocal glioblastoma, resection, and receipt of chemotherapy. Maximum diameter <45 mm was associated with improved OS. Conclusion: Given the limitations of this study, CF-RT appeared associated with better outcomes. Selected patients may benefit from HF-RT.