Climate tipping points: A personal view

The worst uncertainties about climate change are outside the scope of climate models but can be thought about in other ways— especially by learning from past climates. Earth’s future climate might or might not have a domino- like succession of tipping points that turns the system into a hothouse after an uncertain number of centuries. Sea levels would rise by about 70 m, and new extremes of surface storminess would likely lie well outside of human experience.