Scanning tunneling spectroscopy study on the vortex-core state in superconductors

The vortex phase is an essential quantum phenomenon in a type -II superconductor. Vortex physics is significant to research on unconventional superconductivity and superconducting applications. Scanning tunneling microscope/ spectroscope (STM/STS) is not only an indispensable tool for investigating the atomically resolved surface structure and the electronic properties of a material, but it also has a crucial and irreplaceable application in superconductivity research. STM/STS can directly measure the shape of the vortex core and the distribution of vortices. In this study, we will focus on the distribution of the density of states near the vortex core, which can be detected by STM/STS. Additionally, we will briefly summarize the results related to the vortex -core states of topologically trivial textures.