The effect of flame treatment on the compressive strength of composite sandwich panels made of pure epoxy resin H-shaped structures and hollow glass bead/epoxy resin composite material

At present, syntactic foam composites (HGB/EP) made of epoxy resin (EP) and hollow glass beads (HGBs) have received extensive attention in the research field of lightweight materials because of their high compression strength-to-density ratio. However, the deep-sea environment has put forward higher requirements for the compressive properties of materials. The traditional sandwich structure with HGB/EP as the core has gradually failed to meet the requirements for the mechanical properties of equipment deeper in the ocean. This paper proposes a sandwich structure comprising a pure EP H-shaped structural component as the rigid skeleton and an HGB/EP syntactic foam composite as the lightweight filling component. The pure EP H-shaped structural component was subjected to flame treatment using a butane flame jet at different distances. The compression resistance of the resulting sandwich structure was tested, and the results showed varying degrees of improvement in compressive strength after flame treatment. The effects of flame treatment on the surface adhesion performance of the pure EP were characterized using compression-shear tests, optical microscopy, contact angle tests, infrared spectroscopy, and flame temperature tests. The results demonstrated that flame treatment at a distance of 0 cm significantly increased the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the pure EP, improved the wettability of the pure EP surface, increased the adhesive strength between the pure EP H-shaped structural component and HGB/EP, and enhanced the compressive strength of the sandwich structure. The shear strength of the shear test specimens improved by 33.0%, while the compressive strength of the sandwich structure specimens increased by 17.5%.Highlights The sandwich structure composed of pure epoxy resin H-shaped structure and foam composite material was prepared. The distance of flame treatment affects the surface chemical groups of epoxy resin. Flame treatment significantly improved the surface wettability of epoxy resin. This graphic abstract shows the preparation process of specimens. After compressive test, the mechanism of compressive strength change was explored through shear test, contact angle test, infrared spectrum test and flame temperature test. Finally, the compressive strength was studied by finite element analysis. image