The transfer path analysis (TPA) method, which combines the testing and calculating, is a very useful and accurate tool for the structural vibration analysis, and has a wide application in the automotive field. However, the aircrafts have a very complicated loading condition, so the TPA method according to the aircrafts should be studied further. Nowadays, a lot of structural transfer path analysis cases are based on the commercial software, such as LMS and Head. Not mastering the core analysis technology of TPA technology is adverse to the further research in the aviation field, so it is necessary to carry out the foundational TPA technology. This article based on one large passenger aircraft, the vibration transfer paths from the engine and the landing gear to the four seat rail points in the cabin were identified. The vibration contribution and the sensitivity analyses of each path was also analysed. All the above were achieved through basic programming.