Adhesion failure and anti-adhesion bionic structure optimization of surgical electrodes in soft tissue cutting

The adhesion failure of surgical electrodes critically influences the application of high-frequency electrosurgery in the clinical field. This manuscript studied adhesion failure and anti-adhesion structure optimization of surgical electrodes in soft tissue cutting. The failure model was proposed and revealed the adhesion behaviors of surgical electrodes, which were divided into the discharge effect stage, electrothermal effect stage, and thermal effect stage. And the thermal cutting stage was proposed as the failure stage. It was found that with the increase in cutting length, the adhesion weight and cutting force increased, and the thermal damage thickness and the impedance increased and decreased. Finally, a surface microstructure from a leaf cutter ant was fabricated on the electrode to achieve less adhesion, thereby enhancing the service life of surgical electrodes.