Long-Wavelength VCSELs: Status and Prospects

被引：18

作者：

Babichev, Andrey ^{[1
]}

Blokhin, Sergey ^{[2
]}

Kolodeznyi, Evgenii ^{[1
]}

Karachinsky, Leonid ^{[1
]}

Novikov, Innokenty ^{[1
]}

Egorov, Anton ^{[3
,4
]}

Tian, Si-Cong ^{[5
,6
]}

Bimberg, Dieter ^{[5
,6
]}

机构：

[1] ITMO Univ, Inst Adv Data Transfer Syst, St Petersburg 197101, Russia

[2] Ioffe Inst, Lab Phys Semicond Heterostruct, St Petersburg 194021, Russia

[3] Alferov Univ, St Petersburg 194021, Russia

[4] Connector Opt LLC, St Petersburg 194292, Russia

[5] Chinese Acad Sci, Changchun Inst Opt, Bimberg Chinese German Ctr Green Photon, Fine Mech & Phys CIOMP, Changchun 130033, Peoples R China

[6] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Solid State Phys, Ctr Nanophoton, D-10623 Berlin, Germany

来源：

PHOTONICS | 2023年 / 10卷 / 03期

基金：

俄罗斯科学基金会; 国家重点研发计划;

关键词：

vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs); wafer bonding; superlattices; optical modulation; long-wavelength; short-cavity; 1300; nm; 1550; MBE; MOVPE; SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS; CONTINUOUS-WAVE OPERATION; BURIED TUNNEL-JUNCTION; VERTICAL-CAVITY LASERS; WAFER-FUSED VCSELS; HIGH-SPEED MODULATION; LOW-THRESHOLD; CURRENT-CONFINEMENT; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MODAL PROPERTIES;

D O I：

10.3390/photonics10030268

中图分类号：

O43 [光学];

学科分类号：

070207 ; 0803 ;

摘要：

Single-mode long-wavelength (LW) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) present an inexpensive alternative to DFB-lasers for data communication in next-generation giga data centers, where optical links with large transmission distances are required. Narrow wavelength-division multiplexing systems demand large bit rates and single longitudinal and transverse modes. Spatial division multiplexing transmission through multicore fibers using LW VCSELs is enabling still larger-scale data center networks. This review discusses the requirements for achieving high-speed modulation, as well as the state-of-the-art. The hybrid short-cavity concept allows for the realization of f(3dB) frequencies of 17 GHz and 22 GHz for 1300 nm and 1550 nm range VCSELs, respectively. Wafer-fusion (WF) concepts allow the realization of long-time reliable LW VCSELs with a record single-mode output power of more than 6 mW, 13 GHz 3 dB cut-off frequency, and data rates of 37 Gbit/s for non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation at 1550 nm.

引用

页数：22

共 50 条

[1] Progress and prospects of long-wavelength VCSELs
Chang-Hasnain, CJ
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE, 2003, : S30 - S34
[2] Progress and prospects of long-wavelength VCSELs
Chang-Hasnain, Connie J.
IEEE Communications Magazine, 2003, 41 (02)
[3] Long-wavelength VCSELs
Maute, M
Amann, MC
2004 International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials, Conference Proceedings, 2004, : 695 - 699
[4] Developments of Long-Wavelength VCSELs
Kapon, Eli
2008 IEEE 21ST INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR LASER CONFERENCE, 2008, : 1 - 2
[5] High-temperature lasing of long-wavelength VCSELs: Problems and prospects
Piprek, J
VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS, 1997, 303 : 182 - 193
[6] Frequency tuning of long-wavelength VCSELs
Lytkine, A
Jäger, W
Tulip, J
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY, 2006, 63 (05) : 940 - 946
[7] Long-wavelength VCSELs for sensing applications
Ortsiefer, M.
Rosskopf, J.
Neumeyr, C.
Gruendl, T.
Grasse, C.
Chen, J.
Hangauer, A.
Strzoda, R.
Gierl, C.
Meissner, P.
Kueppers, F.
Amann, M. -C.
VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS XVI, 2012, 8276
[8] Long-wavelength VCSELs optimize fiber coupling
Abidi, T
LASER FOCUS WORLD, 2001, 37 (05): : 251 - +
[9] European group develops long-wavelength VCSELs
不详
NATURE PHOTONICS, 2010, 4 (05) : 280 - 280
[10] Effect of temperature on polarization switching in long-wavelength VCSELs
Quirce, Ana
Valle, Angel
Pesquera, Luis
Panajotov, Krassimir
Thienpont, Hugo
VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS XIX, 2015, 9381

← 1 2 3 4 5 →