Risk of and duration of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection assessed with real-world data

被引:8
|
作者
Reynolds, Shannon [1 ]
Kaufman, Harvey [2 ]
Meyer III, William [2 ]
Bush, Chris [1 ]
Cohen, Oren [3 ]
Cronin, Kathy [4 ]
Kabelac, Carly [1 ]
Leonard, Sandy [5 ]
Anderson, Steve [3 ]
Petkov, Valentina [4 ]
Lowy, Douglas [4 ]
Sharpless, Norman [4 ]
Penberthy, Lynne [4 ]
机构
[1] Aetion Inc, Sci & Delivery, New York, NY 10001 USA
[2] Quest Diagnost, Med Affairs, Secaucus, NJ USA
[3] Labcorp Drug Dev, Off Chief Med Off, Burlington, NC USA
[4] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD USA
[5] HealthVer, Parternships & Real World Data, Philadelphia, PA USA
来源
PLOS ONE | 2023年 / 18卷 / 03期
关键词
INFECTION; ANTIBODIES;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0280584
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
This retrospective observational study aimed to gain a better understanding of the protective duration of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection against reinfection. The objectives were two-fold: to assess the durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among initially unvaccinated individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to evaluate the crude SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate and associated risk factors. During the pandemic era time period from February 29, 2020, through April 30, 2021, 144,678,382 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostic or antibody test results were studied. Rates of reinfection among index-positive individuals were compared to rates of infection among index-negative individuals. Factors associated with reinfection were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. For both objectives, the outcome was a subsequent positive molecular diagnostic test result. Consistent with prior findings, the risk of reinfection among index-positive individuals was 87% lower than the risk of infection among index-negative individuals. The duration of protection against reinfection was stable over the median 5 months and up to 1-year follow-up interval. Factors associated with an increased reinfection risk included older age, comorbid immunologic conditions, and living in congregate care settings; healthcare workers had a decreased reinfection risk. This large US population-based study suggests that infection induced immunity is durable for variants circulating pre-Delta predominance.
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页数:17
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