Exploring moderating role of blockchain adoption on economic and environmental sustainability of organizations: A SEM-fsQCA technique

This study seeks to identify the determinants of economic and environmental sustainability through green supply chain management (GSCM) and explore the moderating role of blockchain adoption in the relationships between GSCM and economic and environmental sustainability. The theoretical model was developed based on a natural-resource-based view and stakeholder theory. The structural equation modeling-fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (SEM-fsQCA) was used to analyze the data, which were gathered from 179 organizations in Malaysia. The SEM results showed that green technology, green marketing, and customer pressure are the factors that affect GSCM and enhance economic and environmental sustainability. The fsQCA findings supported SEM results by indicating that a combination of customer pressure, green technology, green marketing, and GSCM was necessary to achieve the highest level of an organization's economic and environmental sustain ability. Moreover, the assessment of the moderating effect highlighted that block chain adoption strengthened the association between GSCM and organization economic and environmental sustainability. The findings of this study help managers and organizations understand how blockchain adoption can enhance economic and environmental sustainability.