Semi- quantum Designated Verifier Signature Scheme

Based on GHZ-like state, a semi- quantum designated verifier signature scheme (SQDVS) is proposed, which can be applied in E- bidding, software licensing, and E- voting. In this scheme, according to the measurement results of GHZ-like state with Z bases, the signer encrypts the classic original message to obtain the designated verifier signature. The designated verifier (DV) chooses certain unitary operations, then he/she recovers the original message by measuring GHZ-like state particles with Bell bases and verifies the signature. For the first time, a semi- quantum participant is involved, our designated verifier signature scheme can relatively reduce the cost of the signer's signature. There are no quantum state swapping tests or one- way quantum functions in our scheme, which can simplify the scheme's complexity and increase the efficiency of the signature. Meanwhile, because the third party is semi- trusted, timestamps and identity information are used to resolve disputes; furthermore, our SQDVS scheme can resist various attacks. In conclusion, our scheme has lower costs, higher efficiency, and more security than similar schemes.