Systemic Loxoscelism, Less Frequent but More Deadly: The Involvement of Phospholipases D in the Pathophysiology of Envenomation

被引:14
|
作者
Gremski, Luiza Helena [1 ]
da Justa, Hanna Camara [1 ]
Polli, Nayanne Louise Costacurta [1 ]
Schluga, Pedro Henrique de Caires [1 ]
Theodoro, Joao Lucas [1 ]
Wille, Ana Carolina Martins [2 ]
Senff-Ribeiro, Andrea [1 ]
Veiga, Silvio Sanches [1 ]
机构
[1] Fed Univ Parana UFPR, Dept Cell Biol, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Brazil
[2] State Univ Ponta Grossa UEPG, Dept Struct Mol Biol & Genet, BR-84030900 Ponta Grossa, Brazil
关键词
brown spider; Loxosceles; venom; toxin; hemolysis; acute renal failure; BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER; ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; SPHINGOMYELINASE D ACTIVITY; D DERMONECROTIC TOXIN; HEMOLYTIC-ANEMIA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; PLASMA-EXCHANGE; VENOM; INTERMEDIA;
D O I
10.3390/toxins15010017
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Bites of Loxosceles spiders can lead to a set of clinical manifestations called loxoscelism, and are considered a public health problem in many regions. The signs and symptoms of loxoscelism are divided into cutaneous and systemic forms. The former is more frequent and includes signs of envenoming at the bite site or neighboring regions. Systemic loxoscelism, although much less frequent, is associated with complications, and can even lead to death. It may include intravascular hemolysis, acute renal failure, and thrombocytopenia. Loxosceles venoms are enriched with phospholipases D (PLDs), which are a family of isoforms found at intra-species and inter-species levels. Under experimental conditions, these enzymes reproduce the main clinical signs of loxoscelism, including an exacerbated inflammatory response at the bite site and dermonecrosis, as well as thrombocytopenia, intravascular hemolysis, and acute renal failure. The role of PLDs in cutaneous loxoscelism was described over forty years ago, when studies identified and purified toxins featured as sphingomyelinase D. More recently, the production of recombinant PLDs and discoveries about their structure and mechanism has enabled a deeper characterization of these enzymes. In this review, we describe these biochemical and functional features of Loxosceles PLDs that determine their involvement in systemic loxoscelism.
引用
收藏
页数:16
相关论文
共 3 条
  • [1] Postinjury multiple organ failure in polytrauma: more frequent and potentially less deadly with less crystalloid
    Kate L. King
    David C. Dewar
    Gabrielle D. Briggs
    Mark Jones
    Zsolt J. Balogh
    European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, 2024, 50 : 131 - 138
  • [2] Postinjury multiple organ failure in polytrauma: more frequent and potentially less deadly with less crystalloid
    King, Kate L.
    Dewar, David C.
    Briggs, Gabrielle D.
    Jones, Mark
    Balogh, Zsolt J.
    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND EMERGENCY SURGERY, 2024, 50 (01) : 131 - 138
  • [3] CHARACTERIZING ULTRASOUND-PROVEN ENTHESITIS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: PREVALENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF DISEASE SUBSET WITH LESS FREQUENT RENAL INVOLVEMENT
    Fagni, F.
    Bettiol, A.
    Silvestri, E.
    Fedi, R.
    Palermo, A.
    Urban, M. L.
    Mazzotta, R.
    Malandrino, D.
    Bello, F.
    Mattioli, I.
    Simon, D.
    Di Scala, G.
    Schett, G.
    Prisco, D.
    Emmi, G.
    ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES, 2023, 82 : 1535 - 1536