This special issue examines anti-gender politics in the specific geographical and cultural space of Eastern Europe. It investigates whether the region is just another battlefield for anti-gender politics, or a unique setting for specific developments and strategies, considering the impact and legacy of specific historical experiences and sociological and cultural characteristics. The contributions map out these complex developments, examining Czechia, Georgia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, the Russian Federation, Slovakia, and Ukraine. In this manner, this special issue attempts both to unravel taken-for-granted and all-encompassing conceptual frameworks concerning anti-gender politics and to articulate a more nuanced picture of these mobilizations.