Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in animals in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To review the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among animal population of Iran. Methods: Data were systematically gathered from 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2020 in the Islamic Republic of Iran from the following electronic databases: Pub Med, Springer, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Magiran, and Scientific Information Database(SID). According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA) and inclusion criteria, 88 eligible studies were obtained.Results: The pooled prevalence of cryptosporidiosis using random and fixed effects model according to heterogeneity among animals was as follows: rodents 18.8%(95% CI 12.6%-25.0%), camels 17.1%(95% CI 8.6%-25.7%), cattle 16.8%(95% CI 13.4%-20.1%), goats 14.1%(95% CI 5.2%-23.0%), horses 12.2%(95% CI 8.3%-16.2%), birds 10.5%(95% CI 7.6%-13.4%), sheep 9.9%(95% CI 2.4%-4.9%), cats 8.8%(95% CI 4.8%-12.8%) and dogs 3.7%(95% CI 7.0%-12.8%).Conclusions: Cryptosporidiosis has been reported and present in a wide range of animals in Iran over the years and has a high prevalence in most of these species.