人工智能技术发展背景下的失业及政策:理论分析

被引:14
作者
董志强 [1 ,2 ]
黄旭 [1 ]
机构
[1] 华南师范大学经济与管理学院
[2] 华南师范大学经济行为科学重点实验室
关键词
人工智能; 经济增长; 世代交替; 失业; 社会福利;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
F241.4 [劳动就业与失业];
学科分类号
020207 ; 1202 ; 120202 ; 020106 ;
摘要
人工智能技术可以提高生产力,但也会提高失业风险。文章改进新古典生产函数,建立理论模型,分析替代型人工智能技术对经济特别是对就业的影响以及政府可采取的两种公共政策(对失业者直接转移支付进行救济和培训后再就业)的效应。研究发现,替代型人工智能技术可以提高总产出,但工资率和就业水平将会下降,劳动收入份额自然也会降低,失业率将增加。政府对失业者进行直接转移支付的政策,在长期中将进一步加剧失业,只能作为短期救济手段。政府可以对失业者进行再培训,但政策有效的条件是,服务业的技术发展达到某个门槛水平之上。这意味着,在发展人工智能技术的同时,为了避免大规模失业就需要大力发展服务业。
引用
收藏
页码:76 / 84+281 +281
页数:10
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