新闻专业危机与“元新闻”信息伦理抗争:对美国大选社交媒体图景的观察

被引:9
|
作者
陈昌凤
林嘉琳
机构
[1] 清华大学新闻与传播学院
关键词
社交媒体; 政治选举; 信息危机; 媒介伦理;
D O I
10.15897/j.cnki.cn51-1046/g2.2021.02.003
中图分类号
D771.2 []; G206 [传播理论];
学科分类号
摘要
本文探讨了社交媒体时代选举中的信息危机的组成、技术原因、政治后果与专业影响,并以美国2020年总统选举为例,揭示其背后信息与权力的复杂关系,讨论社交媒体在"元新闻"领域引发的焦虑,寻求应对信息危机的政策与行动路径。社交媒体带来的信息危机,导致错误信息、虚假信息和不良信息的泛滥。在美国,广泛使用的用户分析和定向分发算法技术,正在有力地影响选民的意见和选举决定,泛滥的虚假新闻正在危及民主进程。信息危机已然正在造成不信任、恐惧和分裂,也造成了"信息道德恐慌"。究其原因,虚假新闻与数字媒体的发展密切相关,技术平台使得政治选举中虚假新闻得以更大规模地生产、传播和放大。虚假新闻是复杂社会关系、权力博弈的折射,是嵌入选举的复杂关系中的一种信息现象,也是使假新闻成为可能的社会技术条件和赋予其意义的解释性话语。监管与平台自律存在自由与治理的多重矛盾,需要多利益攸关方采取联合行动,共同应对信息危机、治理社交平台。
引用
收藏
页码:14 / 25
页数:12
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