Chemical constituents and their anti-inflammatory activity of Ochna integerrima roots

This study investigates the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory properties of root extracts from Ochna integerrima. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Six compounds were isolated and characterised, including three isoflavonoids, one flavonoid, and two phenolic compounds. Among these compounds, the isolated compound 3, the first to be identified from this plant, demonstrated the strongest NO inhibition, with an IC50 value of 69.95 +/- 1.13 mu M. Molecular docking studies suggest that these compounds may bind to the TLR4/MD-2 receptor complex, potentially obstructing LPS-induced activation of inflammatory pathways. The findings indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of O. integerrima are likely due to its flavonoid content, highlighting its potential as a source of anti-inflammatory agents for treating inflammatory diseases.