Bayesian Inference for Post-Processing of Remote-Sensing Image Classification

A key component of remote-sensing image analysis is image classification, which aims to categorize images into different classes using machine-learning methods. In many applications, machine-learning classifiers assign class probabilities to each pixel. These class probabilities serve as input for post-processing techniques that aim to improve the results of machine-learning algorithms. This paper proposes a new post-processing algorithm based on an empirical Bayes approach. We employ non-isotropic neighborhood definitions to capture the impact of borders between land classes in the statistical model. By incorporating expert knowledge, the algorithm improves the consistency of the classified map. This technique has proven its efficacy for large-scale data processing using image time-series analysis. The proposed method is a key component of a time-first, space-based approach for big Earth-observation data processing. It is available as open source as part of the R package sits.