Exploring the in vitro anti-diabetic potential and in silico studies of 2, 3 and 2, 6-dichloroIndolinone

Introduction: Adequate hyperglycemic control is still a huge challenge with the clinically used therapeutics. New, more effective anti-diabetic agents are on the top list of drug discovery projects. Methods: This article deals with the in vitro anti-diabetic potential of 2, 3 dichloroIndolinone (C1) and 2, 6-dichloroIndolinone (C2) on alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase followed by in silico analysis. Results: Both compounds, C-1 and C-2, caused significant inhibition of alpha-glucosidase at various test concentrations with IC50 of 35.266 mu M and 38. 379 mu M, respectively. Similarly, compounds C-1 and C-2 elicited significant anti-alpha-amylase action with IC50values of 42.449 mu M and 46.708 mu M, respectively. The molecular docking investigation regarding the alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase binding site was implemented to attain better comprehension with respect to the pattern in which binding mechanics occur between the C1 and C2 molecules and the active sites, which illustrated a higher binding efficacy in appraisal with reference inhibitor and acarbose. The interactions between the active compounds C1 and C2 with the active site residues were mainly polar bonds, hydrogen bonding, pi-pi, and pi-H interactions, which contributed to a strong alignment with the enzyme backbone. Similarly, effective binding is frequently indicated by a strong and stable hydrogen-bonding pattern, which is suggested by the minimal fluctuation in MM-PBSA values. Conclusion: In short, this study will contribute to providing these compounds with an improved anti-diabetic profile and decreased toxicity.