Rethinking Salt in Dry-Cured Meats: Innovations for a Healthier and Flavorful Future

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is essential for the quality of dry-cured meats, but excessive NaCl intake poses serious health risks. This review examines the interplay among salt, flavor perception, and product quality. Specifically, we analyze the mechanisms underlying saltiness perception and the effects of sodium reduction on lipolysis, proteolysis, oxidation, microbial activity, and textural properties. Current sodium reduction strategies, including low-sodium salts, flavor enhancers, and novel processing technologies, are critically evaluated. Additionally, the potential of microbiomics and automation to optimize quality and safety while lowering sodium are explored. Future directions include leveraging indigenous microbiota and real-time monitoring systems to preserve flavor without compromising nutritional and health benefits.