Effects of Activity Modification With Weight-Bearing Exercises on Pain, Quality of Life, and Disability in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients-A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Knee osteoarthritis poses a substantial public health challenge, characterized by escalating pain, physical limitations, and diminished quality of life. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and effects of activity modification paired with weightbearing exercises on pain, quality of life, and disability in knee osteoarthritis patients. Considering the lack of established guidelines, especially in populations like India, our research seeks to address this gap and potentially enhance patient outcomes. Method: In this pilot randomized controlled trial, participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The intervention group received activity modification and weight-bearing exercises alongside conventional physiotherapy, while the control group received conventional physiotherapy alone. We assessed primary outcomes using a numerical pain rating scale for pain and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version Scale for quality of life. Secondary outcomes included disability, evaluated through the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and physical performance assessed with the 30-second sit-to-stand test. Result: Among the 30 participants, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements in pain during activity (P = .002), pain at rest (P=.010), and all domains of quality of life. Moreover, the intervention group displayed substantial enhancements in disability (P = .001) and physical function (P =< .001). Conclusion: This study showcased the feasibility and beneficial outcomes resulting from the synergistic approach of combined activity modification and weight-bearing exercises, leading to reduced pain and disability, and substantial improvements in both quality of life, and physical performance for individuals with knee osteoarthritis.