Impact of nano-Y2O3 on the physical, microstructure, and mechanical characteristics of Cu composite fabricated via powder metallurgy

This investigation focused on optimizing the adhesion of Y2O3 nanoparticles for uniform distribution within a copper matrix. Five samples were prepared with varying Y2O3 content (0 %, 2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5 %, and 10 % by weight). To enhance bonding, a 5 % nano silver coating was applied to the Y2O3 particles. The electroless deposition of copper nanoparticles onto the Y2O3 surface ensured even distribution within the matrix. The composite powders were then compressed at 700 MPa and sintered at 950 degrees C for 140 minutes. Density verification and microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy revealed a uniform distribution. Increasing the Y2O3 content gradually improved hardness, while wear rate measurements using a pin-on-disc method indicated a decrease with higher Y2O3 ratios. Additionally, electrical and thermal conductivity, along with the coefficient of thermal expansion, showed reductions with increasing Y2O3 content. This comprehensive approach provided valuable insights into the structural, mechanical, and conductive properties of the synthesized materials.