ANALYSIS OF SITUATIONAL FACTORS TO GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW FROM THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY

This article analyzes the environmental factors associated with intimate partner violence and femicide through a systematic review from the perspective of environmental criminology. Through a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the studies found in the review, the aim is to identify key situational and contextual variables, such as geographic location, population density, and socioeconomic characteristics, that may influence the occurrence of gender-based violence. Additionally, the methodologies used to detect these environmental factors are explored, with special emphasis on the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for spatial analysis. By integrating criminological theories such as routine activity theory and crime pattern analysis, this research provides a deeper understanding of how environmental elements contribute to the risk of violence against women. The results show that the situational analysis of this type of crime can be relevant for the development of evidence-based prevention strategies and public policies that address gender-based violence in vulnerable areas.