Technology-supported social skills training systems: A systematic literature review

Social interactions form an essential aspect of people's life, however, it is quite challenging for individuals to handle a wide range of social situations. Therefore, a variety of training systems have been developed to improve their skills. This literature review seeks to give an overview of the state of the art of technology-supported systems for social skills training. The studies eligible for inclusion described a technology-supported system with the purpose of training social skills and included an experimental or observational study to evaluate the efficacy of the system. 225 studies (224 publications) with 216 systems were identified, characterized, and analyzed in this literature review. Using the taxonomy as put forward in this study, the analysis shows that the majority of these systems were screen-based applications, with virtual reality technology being the most frequently observed. The systems most often targeted communication skills that focus on transferring information to produce greater understanding, i.e. mending general communication impairments in children with autism. In terms of functions, support for learning-by-doing was the most observed function, while focusing on job interviews provided the largest number of functions. Finally, the studies reported overwhelmingly positively regarding the systems' impact, including 76 studies with a randomized controlled trial design. Still, most studies only used a quasi-experimental design based on self-report measures. We anticipate the proposed taxonomy to be a starting point for researchers to position their work and that the review will help them with gaining inspiration for the design and evaluation of social skills training systems.