Comprehensive technical evaluation and optimization of a carbon-neutral biomass-based power system integrating supercritical CO2 combustion and CO2 liquefaction with hydrogen production

The increasing reliance on fossil fuels poses critical challenges for energy systems. A novel power generation system integrating electricity/hydrogen production, oxy-fuel combustion, and CO2 liquefaction is evaluated through technical analysis and multi-objective optimization. Further, biomass-derived syngas powers the system, while a solid oxide electrolyzer (SOE) converts surplus energy into hydrogen, enhancing flexibility and efficiency. CO2 liquefaction reduces the levelized cost of electricity, contributing to economic feasibility. In addition, the system achieves optimized results with a cost of $0.37/kWh and $4.9 million in cash flow, demonstrating its potential as an efficient, sustainable energy solution with a 5.4% reduction in power.