A New Dipeptide H-MGL Partially Ameliorating Memory Impairment in an STZ-induced Alzheimer Model in Male Rats

Introduction: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is identified by the gradual decline in memory and cognitive function. It is classified by the deposition of A beta plaques, the build-up of intracellular neurofibrillary tangle (NFT), and neuron loss. Neurotrophic factors play a critical role in the treatment ofAD. However, utilizing such neurotrophins has encountered certain difficulties and side effects. Novel technological advancements prioritize innovative dipeptide usage, which offers fewer side effects. Methods: The present study endeavors to analyze the compound hexamethylenediamide bis(N-monosuccinyl-glutamyl-lysine) (lab name: H-MGL), a newly discovered neurotrophin mimetic dipeptide, to alleviate memory impairment in an intracerebroventricular single dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Alzheimer model in rats. We arranged 4 groups: Sham and groups receiving STZ and STZ + H-MGL (1 and 2 mg/kg). The H-MGL was administered consecutively for 14 days following the STZ injection. Then, the Morris water maze test was performed. Results: The findings suggest that administration of STZ caused a significantly increment in mean escape latency and mean traveled distance in acquisition days. H-MGL at a 1 mg/kg dosage failed to yield any notable improvement in rats compared to STZ. By contrast, 2 mg/ kg of H-MGL dosage led to a significant decrease in the latency to first platform crossing and frequency of platform crossings. Conclusion: Consequently, the findings above have engendered the notion that H-MGL partially ameliorates cognitive impairment, so it may hold promise for having low side effects to alleviate cognitive deficits in AD or potentially decrease the symptoms associated with its progression.