Investigating The Feasibility of Basalt Fiber as A Carbon Fiber Substitute in Composites for Automotive Applications

The escalating carbon footprint, a consequence of dwindling natural resources and surging energy demand, necessitates immediate measures to mitigate environmental impact. This prompted the current study: to look at alternative manufacturing materials that could be utilized as a carbon-free substitute without compromising on mechanical properties. Basalt fiber was identified as a potential eco-friendly replacement to carbon fiber which has several advantages over carbon fiber and is entirely natural and biodegradable. The study encompasses the various benefits of basalt fiber and its direct comparison with Carbon Fibre through a complete Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Analysis from procurement to production to fabrication and finally recycling. The potential health hazards of carbon fiber have been discussed and compared against our choice of material. To validate the study, a trade-off analysis has also been shown between the two with the help of computer numerical simulation on a model of a prototype vehicle, with the ANSYS ACP software to show the benefits of the basalt fiber. Through a comprehensive literature review, practical insights, and showcasing eco-friendly materials for the manufacturing process of our vehicle, this study intends to contribute to the worldwide move from carbon-intensive manufacturing processes to more innovative and ecological techniques.