Driving Characteristics of Heavy-Duty Urban Transit Vehicles in Seoul: Insights from Real-Time Data and Annual Statistics

This study examined Seoul City bus-driving behavior using an extensive dataset with real-time driving data and detailed annual statistics to determine distinct patterns in bus operation. The study focused on four distinct scenarios near bus stations, offering insight into the complex interaction between diverse traffic conditions and station locations. Moreover, the study explored standard speed profiles around ten strategically selected stations derived from cases of buses approaching and departing without external disturbances, providing a baseline for understanding typical bus movement dynamics. Furthermore, the analysis was extended to the speed profiles of 12 consecutive units, revealing insights into traffic conditions and route quality. Furthermore, k-means clustering was applied, and three unique driving categories were distinguished. By integrating these findings with broader traffic flow theories and urban mobility, this study provides valuable insights for improving bus operations and traffic management in metropolitan areas, offering practical recommendations for enhancing public transportation systems and urban mobility in Seoul and other cities with similar challenges.