Off-fault deformation feedback and strain localization precursor during laboratory earthquakes

被引:1
|
作者
Meyer, Gabriel G. [1 ]
Giorgetti, Carolina [1 ,2 ]
Guerin-Marthe, Simon [1 ]
Violay, Marie [1 ]
机构
[1] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, LEMR ENAC, Lausanne, Switzerland
[2] Sapienza Univ Rome, Earth Sci Dept, Rome, Italy
来源
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT | 2024年 / 5卷 / 01期
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会; 欧盟地平线“2020”; 欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
PLASTIC TRANSITION; WIDE-RANGE; FRICTION; BRITTLE; DAMAGE; SLIP; INSTABILITY; MECHANICS; VELOCITY; INSIGHTS;
D O I
10.1038/s43247-024-01756-2
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Recent large-scale seismological observations have shown that off-fault strain localization and foreshock migration could serve as an early warning of an impending earthquake. However, this process is still largely unknown. In this study, state-of-the-art friction experiments were conducted in a oil-confined biaxial shear apparatus to investigate the link between stick-slip nucleation and off-fault deformation. Our findings indicate that there is a direct link between stick-slip nucleation and off-fault deformation, provided that the fault is conditionally unstable (a - b < 0). Inelastic off-fault deformation may trigger unstable slip by decreasing the stiffness of the surrounding rock volume, which favors earthquake nucleation. Additionally, the study presents laboratory observation of precursory strain localization around a fault during stick-slip cycles. These findings suggest that volumetric deformation processes could be a main factor in the nucleation of large ruptures and strain localization could be a reliable harbinger of large earthquakes.
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页数:7
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