Seizure first aid in the community: current situation, suggestions, and the role of the general practitioner in seizure management

The unpredictability of seizures underscores the importance of timely recognition and intervention for optimal prognosis. Seizure first aid (SFA) is an essential skill for community members. We reviewed the literature to assess the challenges and explore potential solutions for effective SFA implementation in community settings. The findings reveal that the knowledge of SFA varies significantly among different groups and countries. There are common misunderstandings, such as point therapy, unnecessary ambulance calls, putting objects into the mouth, inappropriate administration of anti-seizure medications, and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Effective SFA training content includes ensuring the safety of patients, avoiding restraint, using lateral position, clearing the respiratory tract, avoiding placing objects into the mouth, recording details, and seeking for professional help. Training methods range from hospital-based courses to community center workshops and online platforms. General practitioners play a pivotal role in epilepsy management and should be actively involved in SFA training initiatives. Therefore, the development of targeted, diverse, and comprehensive training and evaluation strategies, along with collaborative efforts from the whole society, is essential to improve the level and effectiveness of community SFA.