Changes and clinical significance of serum vitamin A, 25-(OH)D3, TG2, IL-4 and IL-13 levels in children with eczema

The study aims to examine fluctuations in the levels of serum vitamin A, 25-(OH)D-3, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 in pediatric eczema patients and explore how these changes relate to the severity of the condition. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 159 children with eczema admitted to the hospital from May 2023 to October 2024 as the experimental group. The patients were divided into groups according to the severity of the disease: mild group(<= 25 points, n = 45), moderate group(25-50 points, n = 72) and severe group(>50 points, n = 42). Collect each group of serum serum vitamin A, 25- (OH) D3, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 levels and analyze them. The improvements in serum vitamin A, 25-(OH)D3, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 levels in each group of children after 3 months of treatment were further analyzed. As eczema severity escalated, there was a progressive decline in Vit A and 25-(OH)D3 levels, while TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 levels correspondingly rose (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between serum Vit A and 25-(OH)D3 levels and the SCORAD scores in children with eczema (P < 0.05). Conversely, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 levels exhibited positive correlations with the SCORAD scores (P < 0.05). 25-(OH)D3 had the highest AUC for diagnosing the severity of eczema, which was significantly better than serum vitamin A, TG2, IL-4, and IL - 13 ( all P < 0.05 ). After 3 months of treatment, the serum levels of vitamin A, 25-(OH)D3, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 in all groups were significantly improved (P < 0.05). Vit A, 25-(OH)D3, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 correlate with the severity of eczema symptoms. The severity of the disease can be evaluated clinically according to the changes in these serum indicators, and the clinical application value is high.