Hybrid CMOS Memristor Based Biometric OBU Authentication and Anonymous Mutual Authentication for Secure Communication in Fog-Based VANETs

The progression of cloud computing, IoT technologies, and intelligent transportation systems has accelerated the speedy growth of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). Recently, attempts have been made to merge fog computing with VANETs to meet the needs of the real world, such as mobility, low transmission delay, etc. In this work, the VANET system is divided into several fog domains to reduce the burden on the central cloud server. Moreover, hybrid CMOS memristor-based biometric authentication is introduced to ensure only registered users can enable the OBU for making communications in VANETs. The proposed work achieves anonymous mutual authentication to validate the legitimacy and privacy of vehicle users while making communications in VANETs. The formal and informal security analyses are given in this paper to prove that the proposed work encounters the necessities of security in fog-based vehicular ad-hoc networks. In addition, the security of the proposed work is evaluated using the Scyther tool to show that the proposed scheme is highly robust against various attacks. Finally, we conduct a performance evaluation of the proposed work with other related works. The findings indicate that, in comparison to other related works, the proposed work offers a better trade-off between security and performance.