RECIPROCITY INVARIANTS IN EQUIVALENT NETWORKS.

The invariance of the difference between the instantaneous magnetic and electric energies in equivalent passive reciprocal networks leads to a characterization of any real transient (even secular) as dominantly magnetic or electric. Algebraic expressions for the associated invariants are deduced both from the state-space and the scattering descriptions of the network. This yields bounds on the number of independent resistances in any realization. By contrast, a network having only complex eigenmodes is continuously transformable into its dual and always admits an antimetric equivalent.