Liquid seal vacuum pumps have been used since 1921 in English abstract. numbers for the deaeration of steam turbine condensers because of their high operational security and excellent compatibility with condenser conditions. Economic developments have brought with them in the past decade a series of radical changes; among other things, energy costs are more closely monitored than previously. Particular importance is therefore attached to measures for energy saving which are made possible by ELMO-F liquid seal vacuum pumps. The results obtained with these seals have led to the possibility of amortizing investment in new ELMO-F vacuum pumps according to the type of plant within one or two years.