Effect of Split and Re-Entrant Type Piston Bowl Geometry and Preheated Calophyllum Inophyllum Methyl Ester on the Conventional CI Engine Performance

This study focuses on improving the performance and reducing the exhaust emissions of diesel engine by modifying the piston bowl geometry and introducing Calophyllum Inophyllum methyl ester in it. Therefore, in this work, a Calophyllum Inophyllum methyl ester was extracted by the transesterification process, and its blends have been prepared. Then, the piston bowl has been modified into toroidal or split type and re-entrant type. Engine tests have been conducted for each modified bowl with preheated biodiesel, and results have been compared with those of standard bowl geometry. The results showcased that the BTHE, ITHE, ME, and IP of CI20-toroidal piston bowl type are around 4%, 0.32%, 3.79%, and 3.36% higher than the other types. The BSFC for CI20-toroidal piston bowl type is less than the other types. CO, HC, CO2, and NOx emissions are 28.8%, 41.4%, 10%, and 1.46% lower than the other types. Therefore, the toroidal modified bowl with preheated CI20 biodiesel gave better performance and significantly reduced emissions than the conventional one. © 2023, The Institution of Engineers (India).