Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in Surface Sediments of the Songhua River

被引：1
|
作者：
Wang H. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Yang Y.-Z. [1 ]
Wang H.-Y. [2 ,3 ]
Dong W.-Y. [2 ,3 ]
Yan G.-K. [2 ,3 ]
Chang Y. [2 ,3 ]
Li Z.-W. [2 ,3 ]
Zhao Y.-Z. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Ling Y. [2 ,3 ]
机构：
[1] School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an
[2] Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing
[3] State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing
来源：
Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science | 2020年 / 41卷 / 01期
关键词：
Ecological risk assessment; Phthalate esters (PAEs); Sediments; Songhua River; Spatial distribution;
D O I：
10.13227/j.hjkx.201907138
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
This study assesses the spatial distribution characteristics and ecological risk of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surface sediments of the mainstream and tributaries of the Songhua River, China, using concentrations and composition of six PAEs, which were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (GC-MS). We assess the ∑6PAEs ecological risk using the hazard quotient (HQ) method and environmental risk levels (ERL). The results were as follows. ① It was found that the total concentrations of ∑6PAEs ranged from 6 832.5 to 36 298.9 ng•g-1 dry weight (average 18 388.6 ng•g-1), with the main contributions coming from di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP). The difference between the main stream ∑6PAEs (6 832.5-36 298.9 ng•g-1, average 18 616.9 ng•g-1) and the tributary ∑6PAEs (10 367.6-26 593.3 ng•g-1, average 18 264.1 ng•g-1) was not significant (P >0.05). The mean concentrations of individual PAEs in the tributary stream differed little from that of the main stream. The ∑6PAEs concentration of the Songhua River decreased initially but then increased from the upstream to the downstream. The average ∑6PAEs concentration in natural agricultural areas (18 677.5 ng•g-1) was similar to that found in urban industrial areas (18 063.7 ng•g-1), and DBP and DEHP contributed 98% of ∑6PAEs. ② The main sources of ∑6PAEs were domestic, agricultural production, and industrial production using plasticizers. ③ The ecological risk assessment indicated that DMP and BBP in the surface sediments of the Songhua River did not pose an ecological risk for aquatic organisms, and that DEP was associated with a low ecological risk, whereas DEHP and DBP posed a high ecological risk for aquatic organisms. © 2020, Science Press. All right reserved.
引用
收藏
页码：232 / 241
页数：9
相关论文
共 68 条
  • [1] Gomez-Hens A, Aguilar-Caballos M P., Social and economic interest in the control of phthalic acid esters, TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 22, 11, pp. 847-857, (2003)
  • [2] Zeng F, Cui K Y, Fu J M, Et al., Biodegradability of Di(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate by Pseudomonas fluorescens FS1, Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 140, 1-4, pp. 297-305, (2002)
  • [3] Peterson J C, Freeman D H., Phthalate ester concentration variations in dated sediment cores from the Chesapeake Bay [USA], Environmental Science & Technology, 16, 8, pp. 464-469, (1982)
  • [4] Simoneit B R T, Medeiros P M, Didyk B M., Combustion products of plastics as indicators for refuse burning in the atmosphere, Environmental Science & Technology, 39, 18, pp. 6961-6970, (2005)
  • [5] Tyler C R, Jobling S, Sumpter J P., Endocrine disruption in wildlife: a critical review of the evidence, Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 28, 4, pp. 319-361, (1998)
  • [6] Vitali M, Guidotti M, Macilenti G, Et al., Phthalate esters in freshwaters as markers of contamination sources-A site study in Italy, Environment International, 23, 3, pp. 337-347, (1997)
  • [7] Blair J D, Ikonomou M G, Kelly B C, Et al., Ultra-trace determination of phthalate ester metabolites in seawater, sediments, and biota from an urbanized marine inlet by LC/ESI-MS/MS, Environmental Science & Technology, 43, 16, pp. 6262-6268, (2009)
  • [8] Fierens T, Servaes K, van Holderbeke M, Et al., Analysis of phthalates in food products and packaging materials sold on the Belgian market, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50, 7, pp. 2575-2583, (2012)
  • [9] Xu D M, Deng X J, Fang E H, Et al., Determination of 23 phthalic acid esters in food by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, Journal of Chromatography A, 1324, pp. 49-56, (2014)
  • [10] Liu C, Sun C Z, Zhang G, Et al., Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surface water of Jiaozhou Bay, Environmental Science, 40, 4, pp. 1726-1733, (2019)
1234567