Concentration Characteristics and Sources of Trace Metals in PM2.5 During Wintertime in Beijing

被引：12

作者：

Qiao B.-W. ^{[1
,2
]}

Liu Z.-R. ^{[2
]}

Hu B. ^{[2
]}

Liu J.-Y. ^{[1
,2
]}

Pang N.-N. ^{[1
,2
]}

Wu F.-K. ^{[2
]}

Xu Z.-J. ^{[1
]}

Wang Y.-S. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing

[2] State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing

来源：

Xu, Zhong-Jun (xuzj@mail.buct.edu.cn) | 1600年 / Science Press卷 / 38期

关键词：

Beijing; Enrichment factor; Factor analysis; Metal elements; PM[!sub]2.5[!/sub;

D O I：

10.13227/j.hjkx.201607144

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

To study the characteristics and sources of trace metals in PM2.5 during wintertime in Beijing, PM2.5 samples were collected from December 2014 to January 2015 by a middle volume sampler in the urban area of Beijing for 30 consecutive days. The mass concentration of PM2.5 was measured by filter membrane weighting method, and 16 kinds of trace metals were determined by inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, the pollution characteristics and sources of trace metals were analyzed by enrichment factor (EF) method and factor analysis, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of five elements (i.e. K, Ca, Fe, Al and Mg) accounted for 90.7% of the total metal elements. The concentrations of the metal elements changed obviously between day and night. Compared with daytime, crustal elements like Mg and Al decreased by more than 30% while anthropogenic elements like Cu and Pb increased by more than 40% in nighttime. Although the concentrations of metal elements increased by nearly one time in heavy pollution days compared with clean days, the mass percent of which in PM2.5 decreased from 10.9% in clean days to 4.6% in heavy pollution days. This result suggested the accumulation of metal elements in heavy pollution days had a minor contribution to the increased mass concentration of PM2.5. As the pollution episode progressed, anthropogenic elements (Cu, Zn, As, Se, Ag and Cd) increased faster than crustal elements (Al, Mg, Ca, Mn and Fe), which showed ratios ranging from 2.9 to 5.3 for anthropogenic elements and ratios ranging from 1.2 to 1.8 for crustal elements, when compared between heavy pollution days and clean days. In addition, the EF value of anthropogenic elements was also increased in the pollution days, indicating the concentrations of these elements was further influenced by the anthropogenic sources. Factor analysis showed that metal elements of PM2.5 during wintertime of Beijing were mainly from coal combustion and biomass burning, motor vehicle and industry emissions, and re-suspension of road dust, with the contributions of 34.2%, 25.5% and 17.1%, respectively. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.

引用

页码：876 / 883

页数：7

共 42 条

[1] Wang Y.S., Yao L., Wang L.L., Et al., Mechanism for the formation of the January 2013 heavy haze pollution episode over central and eastern China, Science China Earth Sciences, 57, 1, pp. 14-25, (2014)
[2] Zhu J.L., Wang T.J., Xing L., Et al., Analysis on the characteristics and mechanism of a heavy haze episode in Jiangsu Province, China Environmental Science, 31, 12, pp. 1943-1950, (2011)
[3] Pope C.A., Burnett R.T., Thun M.J., Et al., Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution, JAMA, 287, 9, pp. 1132-1141, (2002)
[4] Toon O.B., How pollution suppresses rain, Science, 287, 5459, pp. 1763-1765, (2000)
[5] Chen R.J., Kan H.D., Haze/Fog and human health: a literature review, Chinese Journal of Nature, 35, 5, pp. 342-344, (2013)
[6] He H., Wang X.M., Wang Y.S., Et al., Formation mechanism and control strategies of haze in China, Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 28, 3, pp. 344-352, (2013)
[7] Saitoh K., Sera K., Hirano K., Et al., Chemical characterization of particles in winter-night smog in Tokyo, Atmospheric Environment, 36, 3, pp. 435-440, (2002)
[8] Cao J.J., Shen Z.X., Chow J.C., Et al., Winter and summer PM2.5 chemical compositions in fourteen Chinese cities, Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 62, 10, pp. 1214-1226, (2012)
[9] Liu S., Peng L., Wen Y.P., Et al., Pollution characteristics of organic and elemental carbon in PM2.5 in Taiyuan, Environmental Science, 36, 2, pp. 396-401, (2015)
[10] Li L.J., Wen Y.P., Peng L., Et al., Characteristic of elements in PM2.5 and health risk assessment of heavy metals during heating season in Taiyuan, Environmental Science, 35, 12, pp. 4431-4438, (2014)

← 1 2 3 4 5 →