Review of energy efficiency and technological advancements in data center power systems

In order to support a wide range of applications and services, data centers are crucial components of contemporary computer infrastructure. Nevertheless, the rapid expansion and functioning of these entities have resulted in notable energy usage and ecological consequences. Power usage effectiveness, dependability, and operating costs are all impacted by electricity supply systems, which are crucial to the operating and energy efficiency of data centers. This review article offers a thorough summary of the state of the art in data center power supply systems research, covering case studies, best practices, developing technologies, and potential directions for future investigation. The study begins with a survey of energy-efficient data centers and an outline of power usage effectiveness design concerns. The categorization of electricity supply systems is discussed through various integration strategies with renewable sources of electricity generation. This includes identifying scenarios where data centers operate in countries with a 100% fossil fuel electricity matrix, strategies for implementing clean energy purchase contracts, and investments in both on-site and off-site renewable energy projects. The review of the literature addresses current research on data center power systems, emphasizing significant discoveries and patterns in the field while pointing out gaps and restrictions. The assessment also looks at new developments in energy storage, power management, and renewable energy integration. The research, which draws from case studies of effective energy supply systems in data centers, offers useful suggestions and best practices for planning, executing, and overseeing data center power systems. The paper ends with recommendations for further study and application.