On-Orbit Geometric Calibration and Accuracy Validation of the Jilin1-KF01B Wide-Field Camera

On-orbit geometric calibration is key to improving the geometric positioning accuracy of high-resolution optical remote sensing satellite data. Grouped calibration with geometric consistency (GCGC) is proposed in this paper for the Jilin1-KF01B satellite, which is the world's first satellite capable of providing 150-km swath width and 0.5-m resolution data. To ensure the geometric accuracy of high-resolution image data, the GCGC method conducts grouped calibration of the time delay integration charge-coupled device (TDI CCD). Each group independently calibrates the exterior orientation elements to address the multi-time synchronization issues between imaging processing system (IPS). An additional inter-chip geometric positioning consistency constraint is used to enhance geometric positioning consistency in the overlapping areas between adjacent CCDs. By combining image simulation techniques associated with spectral bands, the calibrated panchromatic data are used to generate simulated multispectral reference band image as control data, thereby enhancing the geometric alignment consistency between panchromatic and multispectral data. Experimental results show that the average seamless stitching accuracy of the basic products after calibration is better than 0.6 pixels, the positioning accuracy without ground control points(GCPs) is better than 20 m, the band-to-band registration accuracy is better than 0.3 pixels, the average geometric alignment consistency between panchromatic and multispectral data are better than 0.25 multispectral pixels, the geometric accuracy with GCPs is better than 2.1 m, and the geometric alignment consistency accuracy of multi-temporal data are better than 2 m. The GCGC method significantly improves the quality of image data from the Jilin1-KF01B satellite and provide important references and practical experience for the geometric calibration of other large-swath high-resolution remote sensing satellites.