With the rapid development of agricultural science and technology, automation has become the main driving force for agriculture modernization. The applications of robotics and automation technology in agriculture include remote sensing, geography information systems (GIS), pattern recognition, product quality control, agricultural robots, automation of controlled environment, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and Internet-of-Things (IOT). This special issue presents nine papers, six of them have been already published in the previous issues Vol. 33, No. 1 and No. 2, 2018 and another three are in this issue. This issue of IJRA is devoted to theoretical and practical problems of agricultural automation, presenting analysis, new discoveries and innovative ideas recently made in the field of robotics and automation in agriculture. © 2018 Acta Press. All rights reserved.