Aerodynamic design and axial force analysis of partial admission radial turbine with cracked fuel vapor

Axial-force balance of the cracked fuel vapor turbine was studied from the perspective of turbine structure. Partial admission cracked fuel vapor turbines with unshrouded， open， and enclosed impellers were established respectively， and the aerodynamic performance and axial force of turbines under the design condition were compared and analyzed by numerical simulation. Meanwhile， the variation law of the total axial force with pressure ratio under off-design conditions was summarized，which provided guidance and suggestions for the selection of cracked fuel vapor turbine structure forms. The simulation results showed that the aerodynamic performance of unshrouded， open， and enclosed turbines was similar，but the axial force performance was distinctive. When the pressure ratio changed，the axial force stability of the open turbine was the best，the unshrouded one was the worst，and the enclosed turbine axial force was the smallest among the three kinds of cracked fuel vapor turbines. The result analysis showed that when the turbine pressure ratio was lower than 3，the unshrouded turbine should be discarded; if the turbine pressure ratio changed greatly，the open turbine should be adopted. In addition，axial load of bearings should be sufficient when enclosed cracked fuel vapor turbines were exploited. © 2024 Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (BUAA). All rights reserved.