The article provides a comparative analysis of the ecological and geological state of the environment components in the area of the Mikashevichi building stone mining and the Gomel Chemical Plant. These mining areas are among the largest in Belarus. The Mikashevichi mining complex exploits one of the biggest quarries in Europe. The mined mineral is granite, which is used in construction. The Gomel Chemical Plant is a processing enterprise that produces mineral fertilisers. Methodology: To analyse the transformation of the environmental functions of the lithosphere in the areas of the enterprises, the methods of field observation, geoinformation modelling of the territories, systematisation of the data of chemical analysis of groundwater were used. Results and discussion: The factors of the technogenic relief formation, its prevailing elements and morphometric characteristics have been determined. It was found that the depth of the quarry is significantly greater than the natural depth of the relief dissection and the pit is about 120–130 m deep. The radius of the depression cone reaches 3 km. The ecological and geochemical function of the lithosphere is most transformed in the area of the processing plant. It is emphasized that the process of constant drainage, often reaching 60 thousand m3/day, has significantly changed the hydrodynamic parameters of aquifers. The impact sources are production workshops and phosphogypsum dumps. Conclusions: The comparative analysis of the studied areas revealed typical ecological and geological issues associated with the technogenic impact on the natural relief and groundwater. Technogenic transformation of the relief results in the formation of large positive and negative secondary landforms. Technogenic impact on groundwater leads to significant fluctuations in groundwater levels, disruption of the natural chemical composition, and the formation of ecological and hydrogeochemical anomalies. As a result of the research, it was determined that the total area of pollution could be estimated by a 4 km long and up to 1.5 km wide ecological-hydrogeochemical anomaly that was formed. © 2020, Geology. All Rights Reserved.
