Confucian Ethics and Anthropocentrism

Anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism represent two pivotal categories within the domain of environmental ethics. The former positions humans as the sole measure of value, relegating the natural environment to mere instrumental utility devoid of intrinsic worth. Conversely, the latter asserts that nature possesses intrinsic value and inherent rights to existence. Mencius' philosophical outlook encapsulates a dual perspective that encompasses both anthropocentric and non- anthropocentric viewpoints. Furthermore, Confucianism's approach toward the natural world is not one of exerting dominion through power; instead, it is rooted in the ideal of moral practice and compassionate care. This perspective is exemplified in "The Doctrine of The Golden Mean," which evokes the concept of fulfilling the innate characteristics of both humans and all beings in harmony with the principles of Heaven and Earth. On the one hand, Confucianism emphasizes the importance of ethical cultivation for humanity; on the other hand, it signifies a compassionate concern for all things. This exemplifies the distinctive features of Confucian ethics and its disparities with Western environmental ethics, thereby establishing the framework of the comparative research method advocated by Shen Qingsong. This paper adopts a comparative research methodology to delve into Confucian ethics, specifically focusing on the contrasting perspectives regarding the strength of character between northern and southern regions as depicted in "The Doctrine of the Golden Mean," alongside an analysis of "Mencius' three distinctions." Through this comparative lens, the study attempts to shed light on the similarities and disparities concerning anthropocentrism while also evaluating the contributions and constraints inherent in Confucian ethical philosophy.