Digital cancellation of multi-band passive inter-modulation based on Wiener-Hammerstein model

Utilizing multi-band and multi-carrier techniques enhances throughput and capacity in Long-Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced and 5G New Radio (NR) mobile networks. However, these techniques introduce Passive Inter-Modulation (PIM) interference in Frequency-Division Duplexing (FDD) systems. In this paper, a novel multi-band Wiener-Hammerstein model is presented to digitally reconstruct PIM interference signals, thereby achieving effective PIM Cancellation (PIMC) in multi-band scenarios. In the model, transmitted signals are independently processed to simulate Inter-Modulation Distortions (IMDs) and Cross-Modulation Distortions (CMDs). Furthermore, the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter, basis function generation, and B-spline function are applied for precise PIM product estimation and generation in multi-band scenarios. Simulations involving 4 carrier components from diverse NR frequency bands at varying transmitting powers validate the feasibility of the model for multi-band PIMC, achieving up to 19 dB in PIMC performance. Compared to other models, this approach offers superior PIMC performance, exceeding them by more than 5 dB in high transmitting power scenarios. Additionally, its lower sampling rate requirement reduces the hardware complexity associated with implementing multi-band PIMC.