Heart Rate Recovery Index Evaluation in Prediabetic Patients

Background: Prediabetes is a major public health risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The heart rate recovery index (HRRI) shows autonomic function and predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) independently. The objective of the research was to assess the HRRI in individuals with prediabetes. Methods: The study comprised 400 cardiology clinic patients, 164 (41% female) and 316 (59% male). The Bruce protocol required treadmill stress ECGs for all patients. After the stress test, HRRIs were collected at 1, 2, 3, and 5 minutes. HRRI is calculated by subtracting the subject's maximal exercise HR at the end of the session from HR after 1, 2, 3, and 5 minutes of recovery. Results: Both groups had a similar exercise time, METs, max. HR, baseline, max., and change in SBP and DBP (p p >0.05). HRRIs were higher in COVID-19 patients than controls at 1, 2, 3, and 5 minutes (p p <0.001). Conclusions: Prediabetes has a signifi cant infl uence on the HRRI. Prediabetes has the potential to impact neural-cardiovascular systems.