Investigation of ternary hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvents for the selective extraction of acrylamide from processed food samples: Ultrasonic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and chemometric optimization

The aim of this research paper is to develop and investigate the feasibility of an ultrasonic-assisted ternary hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-HMDESDLLME) procedure for the selective, rapid and reliable extraction of acrylamide from processed food products. Ultrasonic energy was used for dispersion. HMDES made of octylimidazole, Dysprosium(III) chloride (DyCl3) 3 ) and palmitic acid with a molar ratio (3:1:3) were used as extraction solvents. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as a dispersive solvent. Microextraction factors of the UA-HMDES-DLLME procedure (ultrasonic time, pH, HMDES volume, and THF volume) were optimized using Box-Behnken Design. Following the optimization stage, the analytical properties of the UA-HMDES-DLLME procedure were determined using the optimum conditions (ultrasonic time: 4.5 min, pH: 4.4, HMDES volume 315 mu L, and THF volume, 290 mu L). The limits of detection and quantification were 0.6ng mL- 1 and 2ng mL- 1 respectively. Extraction efficiency and relative standard deviation of the method were 94.4-96.4 % and 1.7-3.6 %, respectively. The method was found to be linear in the concentration range 2-500ng mL- 1 with an enhancement factor of 152.4. In conclusion, the UA-HMDES-DLLME procedure has been successfully used for the extraction and determination of acrylamide in processed food samples and certified reference materials.